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Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
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Readable research linked to original sources
Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
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Readable research linked to original sources
Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
42 articles
Newest firstBackground Four-repeat (4R)-tauopathies cause variable clinical profiles leading to clinical misdiagnosis. While sex differences are reported in Alzheimer's disease (AD), Lewy body disease (LBD), and clinically-defined frontotemporal dementia (FTD), little is known in 4R-tauopathies. Methods National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center data were used for pathologically-defined 4R-tauopathies: progressive supranuclear…
Open article record in new tab ↗Introduction Use of cannabis vaping products has been increasing in Canada. This study examined the prevalence and patterns of use of cannabis vaping products, including higher-risk use, by sex and age. Methods Data were from four cycles of the Canadian Cannabis Survey, an annual web-based survey of people aged ≥ 16 years in Canada. Past 12-month consumers of cannabis for non-medical purposes were analysed (n2020…
Open article record in new tab ↗Cannabis use is prevalent among young adults and is influenced by a range of psychological, behavioral, and environmental factors. Although some individuals report using cannabis to manage stress or trauma-related symptoms, the relative contribution of early adversity and concurrent psychosocial factors to cannabis use—and whether these associations differ by sex—remains unclear. This study examined the extent to…
Open article record in new tab ↗Background and aims Epidemiologic research suggests that adolescent cannabis use is associated with psychological distress (i.e. depression and anxiety symptoms); however, most studies have relied on 20th-century data, when cannabis was significantly less potent than today. This study aimed to estimate the association between adolescent cannabis use and psychological distress using contemporary population-based da…
Prenatal cannabis exposure (PCE) has been associated with altered prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity and connectivity in adulthood, potentially increasing the risk of psychopathology later in life. This risk is thought to involve a complex interplay between the endocannabinoid and dopaminergic systems. We investigated the transcriptional regulation of genes associated with these systems in an animal model of PCE dur…
Background Early life stress (ELS) increases the risk of substance use disorder (SUD) in adulthood. The pathway from ELS to SUD is hypothesized to be influenced by sex. We examine the impact of ELS on adolescent first substance use, a common precursor to adult SUDs, and test for sex differences in the relationship between ELS and risk of first use of alcohol, nicotine, and marijuana. Methods Individuals from the A…
Background There is a growing body of evidence on health inequalities according to gender identity, in which sex assigned at birth is often overlooked. The aim of our study was to assess the relevance of examining both gender identity and sex assigned at birth in health population surveys, by comparing the health outcomes, behaviours, and interpersonal relationships in cisgender boys, cisgender girls, transgender…
Background Several studies have reported associations between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and substance use disorders (SUD). However, sex-differences in ADHD and SUD, especially when associated with other psychiatric comorbidities, are less studied. Objective To compare the prevalence of SUD among individuals with and without ADHD to describe groups, defined by sex and psychiatric comorbidity,…
Background Future breeding and selection of Cannabis sativa L. for both drug production and industrial purposes require a source of germplasm with wide genetic variation, such as that found in wild relatives and progenitors of highly cultivated plants. Limited directional selection and breeding have occurred in this crop, especially informed by molecular markers. Results This study investigated the population geno…
IntroductionCannabis use and cannabis use disorder (CUD) are more prevalent among men and boys than among women and girls. However, this sex/gender gap has been narrowing in recent decades, likely due to an increase in cannabis use among women and girls, who have been historically under-represented in cannabis research. The lack of sex- and gender-based approaches within cannabis research has been highlighted in p…
Open article record in new tab ↗IntroductionMental healthcare utilization in the US remains low, with sociodemographic factors like sex and race/ethnicity influencing access across different population groups. However, how these factors interact to shape service utilization remains understudied. MethodsUsing data from the 2009-2018 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we employed design-based log-binomial mode…
Open article record in new tab ↗BackgroundAortic aneurysm (AA) is a life-threatening disease with significant global burden. ObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate epidemiological trends and risk factors for AA-related mortality from 1990 to 2021 across regions, accounting for age, sex, and socio-economic factors. MethodsUsing Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021, we analyzed AA-related death, death rates, and the age-standardized AA-related…
Clinical decision instruments (CDIs) face an equity dilemma. On the one hand, they often reduce disparities in patient care through data-driven standardization of best practices. On the other hand, this standardization may itself inadvertently perpetuate bias and inequality within healthcare systems. Here, we quantify different measures of potential for implicit bias present in CDI development that can inform futu…
Open article record in new tab ↗Background/objective Emotional dysregulation (ED) is a transdiagnostic variable underlying various psychiatric disorders, including addictive behaviors (ABs). This meta-analysis examines the relationship between ED and ABs (alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, gambling, and gaming), and indicators of AB engagement (frequency, quantity/time of use, severity, and problems). Method Searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, W…
Open article record in new tab ↗Introduction Stroke among Americans under age 49 is increasing. While the risk factors for stroke among older adults are well-established, evidence on stroke causes in young adults remains limited. This study used machine learning techniques to explore the predictors of stroke in young men and women. Methods The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm (LASSO) was applied to data from Wave V of th…
Open article record in new tab ↗The role of endogenous cannabinoids (endocannabinoids; eCBs) in cognitive-related processes has been demonstrated in preclinical studies. However, observational studies are lacking. We examined the associations of multiple circulating eCBs and eCB-like molecules with cognitive function in a sample of dementia-free older adults. In this exploratory, cross-sectional study, serum levels of 44 eCBs were analyzed in 23…
Open article record in new tab ↗Background Young adults have historically high levels of cannabis use at a time which coincides with emotional and cognitive development. Age of regular onset of cannabis use and sex at birth are hypothesized to influence the relationship between cannabis use and cognition. Here we investigated past 6-month cannabis use in relation to emotional and executive functioning. We further considered age of onset and sex…
Open article record in new tab ↗Drug use before or during sex is a high-risk sexual behavior associated with adverse health risks and outcomes, such as increasing the likelihood of overdoses and of acquiring sexually-transmitted diseases. This systematic review and meta-analysis of three scientific databases examined the prevalence of the use of intoxicating substances, those tending to excite or stupefy the user on a psychoactive level, before…
Open article record in new tab ↗Legalization of cannabis use for non-medical (recreational) purposes is changing the global cannabis landscape. As attitudes toward cannabis use become more positive and prevalence of use increases in complex ways, concerns emerge about the potential for increased cannabis-attributable harms. Understanding the who, why, and when of this likely increase in cannabis-attributable harms is thus an important public hea…
Open article record in new tab ↗BackgroundSuicide is a significant contributor to global mortality. People who use drugs (PWUD) are at increased risk of death by suicide relative to the general population, but there is a lack of information on associated candidate factors for suicide in this group. The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive overview of existing evidence on potential factors for death by suicide in PWUD.MethodsA scoping…
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