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Readable research linked to original sources
Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
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Readable research linked to original sources
Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
172 articles
Newest firstIntroduction Cannabis use during adolescence and young adulthood has been associated with neurocognitive alterations. However, limited attention has been paid to whether these findings vary according to developmental stage and regional context. This systematic review examined the neurocognitive effects of cannabis use in adolescents and young adults, with particular attention to age-related patterns and geographic…
Open article record in new tab ↗INTRODUCTION: Adolescence is a period notable for increased risk-taking behaviors, including substance use (SU). Longitudinal work has linked behavioral disinhibition, particularly impulsive dispositions and externalizing tendencies with SU, but the underlying neurobiological manifestations remain less well-defined. This study examined whether individual differences in reward-related striatal activity and impulsiv…
BACKGROUND: Early initiation of alcohol, nicotine, cannabis, and other substances is a robust predictor of later substance use disorders and related psychopathology. We integrate time-varying environmental factors with polygenic risk scores (PRS) in a longitudinal framework to identify risk factors influencing substance initiation in adolescents. METHODS: We analyzed data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Develo…
Open article record in new tab ↗Purpose To investigate sex-dependent effects of polygenic risk (PRS-SCZ) and exposome score (ES-SCZ) for schizophrenia, both independently and jointly, on distressing psychotic experiences (PEs) in early adolescents. Method Baseline to 3-year follow-up data of the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study (ABCD) were used. PRS-SCZ and ES-SCZ were calculated to assess cumulative genetic and environmental (ch…
Background Neurodevelopmental models regard impulsivity as a central risk factor for adolescent substance use. However, the practical utility of impulsivity in predicting substance use is complicated by variability among measures that encompass multiple methods and theoretical domains. Prior research has been constrained by cross-sectional designs, small sample sizes, and/or the use of a narrow subset of impulsivi…
Open article record in new tab ↗Background and aims Epidemiologic research suggests that adolescent cannabis use is associated with psychological distress (i.e. depression and anxiety symptoms); however, most studies have relied on 20th-century data, when cannabis was significantly less potent than today. This study aimed to estimate the association between adolescent cannabis use and psychological distress using contemporary population-based da…
Background Substance use is a prevalent public health issue among adolescents in the United States (U.S.). While it's a known risk factor for adult cardiovascular disease (CVD), the long-term impact of adolescent substance use on future CVD risk is understudied. This study aimed to (1) characterize substance use patterns in adolescents and (2) examine their association with future CVD risk. Methods We performed a…
Open article record in new tab ↗Background Early-life stress constitutes a major risk factor for the development of neuropsychiatric and substance use disorders, exerting enduring effects on stress responsivity and emotional behavior. Maternal deprivation (MD) is a well-established model of early adversity that induces persistent neurobiological alterations. During adolescence, alcohol exposure presents an additional challenge that may interact…
Background:Adolescents with co-occurring alcohol use and mental health disorders have better treatment outcomes when caregivers are involved in their treatment. Currently, little is known about why caregiver involvement improves outcomes.Objectives:To facilitate caregiver-involved treatment process research, this study preliminarily examined within- and between-person variability in ecological momentary assessment…
BackgroundThe Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study(R) offers rich longitudinal data on environmental, genetic, and other factors related to substance use initiation. Classical marginal structural models (MSMs) require choosing which covariates to include in propensity models, but this choice is difficult in the presence of hundreds of correlated predictors. MethodsWe analyzed longitudinal data from…
Open article record in new tab ↗Adolescence is a developmental period characterised by increased vulnerability to cannabis use disorder (CUD). However, previous investigations of this vulnerability have relied on cross-sectional comparisons and lack a detailed assessment of cannabis quantity, a potentially important confounding factor. Here, we aimed to investigate the one-year course of CUD in adolescents compared to adults who currently use ca…
Background Research is limited regarding the relationship between adolescent substance use and polysubstance use (SU/PSU) as well as their outcomes later in adolescence, while accounting for early risk factors. This study explored substance-related and psychosocial outcomes at age 17 associated with SU/PSU developmental trajectories in a population-representative cohort from Quebec, Canada (N = 1593; 48.4% male),…
Adolescence is a critical period for developing risk behaviors such as substance use, which can impact health in adulthood. Culturally adapted evidence-based programs (EBPs) are promising for prevention. This review explores the processes for culturally adapting EBPs targeting alcohol, tobacco, or cannabis use, and/or anxiety or depression in adolescents. We searched multiple databases, grey literature, and releva…
Background Emotional problems have been associated with substance use, yet longitudinal research examining this relationship during childhood and adolescence in large, diverse, community-based samples remains limited. Aims This study investigates the prospective associations between three emotional problems-hopelessness, depression, and suicide attempts-before ages 9-10 and the subsequent initiation of tobacco and…
Open article record in new tab ↗Background Early life stress (ELS) increases the risk of substance use disorder (SUD) in adulthood. The pathway from ELS to SUD is hypothesized to be influenced by sex. We examine the impact of ELS on adolescent first substance use, a common precursor to adult SUDs, and test for sex differences in the relationship between ELS and risk of first use of alcohol, nicotine, and marijuana. Methods Individuals from the A…
The cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) in the hippocampus has been involved in impulsivity and alcohol consumption in adolescent rats. However, the role of CB1R in the cerebellum, despite that structure's exceptionally high CB1R density, remains unexplored. We therefore tested the hypothesis that cerebellar CB1R contributes to regulating impulsive behaviour, alcohol consumption and seeking. Male Wistar rats, adolescent…
Open article record in new tab ↗Background As adolescent cannabis use becomes more common, questions remain about the potential for neurocognitive recovery after stopping cannabis use. Method This study examined whether short-term abstinence from cannabis leads to cognitive improvements. A total of 238 adolescents (ages 13-19; 51% female; 55% White, 18% Black, 9% Asian, 18% other races) from Greater Boston participated, including 154 adolescents…
Background The hippocampus plays a critical role in memory and decision-making processes, with its resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) linked to various behavioral outcomes. This study investigates whether baseline brain-wide rsFC of the hippocampus mediates the relationship between impulsivity and subsequent substance use, specifically tobacco and marijuana use, in adolescents. Methods Data were drawn fr…
Open article record in new tab ↗Adolescence is an immature but adventurous time period of exploration. Due to rapid developments of the brain with unbalanced release of neurotransmitters, adolescents are prone to impulsivity that may carry out potentially dangerous behaviors. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, more than one-third of high school students have reported the use of cannabis or marijuana in 2019, and the tre…
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