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Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
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Readable research linked to original sources
Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
Loading articles data…
Readable research linked to original sources
Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
25 articles
Newest firstBACKGROUND: Nigeria faces a substantial burden of illicit drug use alongside intensified enforcement activity. However, the geographic correspondence between enforcement indicators and population-level drug use burden remains poorly characterised. This study provides an ecological assessment of enforcement-burden alignment in Nigeria and introduces a Total Seizure-to-Any-Drug-User Ratio (TSUR) as a policy-relevant…
Open article record in new tab ↗This study demonstrates the use of wastewater monitoring for opioids and other high-risk substances on a university campus, intended to inform public health surveillance and response efforts for youth and transitional age youth. Over a 14-week campaign, we collected 54 grab samples from three campus manholes, including one that isolated flows from a student housing complex, and analyzed them for 24 parent compound…
BackgroundIn 2017, Zambia adopted surveillance as a core intervention towards achieving malaria elimination. Among the surveillance strategies is the malaria case investigation and response 1-3-7 (MCIR 1-3-7), which has been piloted in two low-incidence districts in the Southern Province since 2021. The study aimed to assess the implementation of MCIR 1-3-7 under programmatic conditions. It examined the timeliness…
Open article record in new tab ↗Aims Progressive legalization of medical and recreational cannabis markets at the state-level has led to rapid growth of medical and recreational cannabis markets and to product diversification with emerging products having high concentrations of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Research on these products is still limited and the evidence available for policy formulation is diminished by methodological limitations. M…
Introduction The Canadian Student Alcohol and Drugs Survey is a biennial, repeat cross-sectional survey of grade 7-12 students in the Canadian provinces. This study examined cannabis-related behaviours at five timepoints before and after legalization of cannabis for non-medical purposes. Methods Trends over time were examined using data from 2014-15 to 2023-24 (n = 264,558). Binary logistic regression examined cha…
Open article record in new tab ↗ObjectiveWhole genome sequencing (WGS) is increasingly being used to guide infection prevention and control measures. However, the value of regional prospective WGS surveillance for vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) remains uncertain. The objective of this study is to investigate the value of routine centralised multicentre WGS in regional outbreak detection and analysis of transmission of VREfm wi…
Drug-resistant infections with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) are increasingly problematic, especially in healthcare settings. ESBL-E infections lead to a worse treatment outcome and often require escalating antibiotic treatment to reserve antibiotics such as carbapenems. Understanding how these bacteria are transmitted within healthcare settings is complex and not well unders…
The COVID-19 pandemic exposed vulnerabilities in health systems abilities to detect, report, and respond to threats. Inadequate preparedness led to healthcare worker infections (HCW), essential service disruptions, and impacts on communities. Primary health care (PHC) is often overlooked in health security initiatives. Epidemic Ready Primary Health Care (ERPHC) is an initiative that strengthens PHC facilities to p…
Open article record in new tab ↗Primary healthcare (PHC) is the first point of contact with communities and essential for epidemic preparedness. The COVID-19 pandemic exposed gaps in PHC resilience. Epidemic Ready Primary Health Care (ERPHC) was designed to bridge these gaps by strengthening PHC to prevent, detect, and respond to outbreaks while maintaining essential services. An ERPHC pilot was initiated in December 2023 in 654 PHC facilities a…
BackgroundBreast cancer associated mortality in Africa remains high due to poor survival rates, varying widely across countries. Despite medical advancements, barriers like limited access to early detection and treatment persist. This meta-analysis offers a crucial update on 5-year survival trends and influencing factors across continental Africa. MethodsA systematic search of four biomedical databases and citatio…
Open article record in new tab ↗Purpose We conducted this study to assess cannabis use rates in the state of Kentucky relative to socioeconomic, demographic, and geographic factors, as well as reasons for use and modes of use, before the legal medical marijuana market commences in 2025. Methods We pooled Kentucky Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data for 2020-2021 and used weighted responses for all analyses. We estimated curre…
Open article record in new tab ↗Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a significant concern within hospital environments, with the World Health Organization (WHO) identifying them as a major source of bacteriological infections. HAIs affect millions of patients annually, leading to substantial morbidity and mortality. However, a significant proportion of HAIs are preventable through early detection and appropriate intervention and isolatio…
BackgroundConventional manual surveillance of healthcare-associated infections is labour-intensive and therefore often restricted to areas with high-risk patients. Fully automated surveillance of hospital-onset bacteraemia and fungaemia (HOB) may facilitate hospital-wide surveillance. AimTo develop an algorithm and minimal dataset (MDS) required for automated surveillance of HOB and apply it to real-life routine d…
Open article record in new tab ↗Childhood, adolescent, and young adult (CAYA) cancer survivors are at risk of pulmonary dysfunction. Current follow-up care guidelines are discordant. Therefore, the International Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Guideline Harmonization Group established and convened a panel of 33 experts to develop evidence-based surveillance guidelines. We critically reviewed available evidence regarding risk factors for pulmona…
During the current global COVID-19 pandemic and opioid epidemic, wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has emerged as a powerful tool for monitoring public health trends by analysis of biomarkers including drugs, chemicals, and pathogens. Wastewater surveillance downstream at wastewater treatment plants provides large-scale population and regional-scale aggregation while upstream surveillance monitors locations at t…
Introduction: College-aged youth are active on social media yet smoking-related social media engagement in these populations has not been thoroughly investigated. We sought to conduct an exploratory infoveillance study focused on geolocated data to characterize smoking-related tweets originating from California 4-year colleges on Twitter. Methods: Tweets from 2015 to 2019 with geospatial coordinates in CA college…
Open article record in new tab ↗BackgroundRoutinely collected healthcare data such as administrative claims and electronic health records (EHR) can complement clinical trials and spontaneous reports when ensuring the safety of vaccines, but uncertainty remains about what epidemiological design to use. MethodsUsing 3 claims and 1 EHR database, we evaluate several variants of the case-control, comparative cohort, historical comparator, and self-co…
Open article record in new tab ↗Using real-world data and past vaccination data, we conducted a large-scale experiment to quantify bias, precision and timeliness of different study designs to estimate historical background (expected) compared to post-vaccination (observed) rates of safety events for several vaccines. We used negative (not causally related) and positive control outcomes. The latter were synthetically generated true safety signals…
Open article record in new tab ↗BackgroundAssessment of surveillance and response system functions focusing on notifiable diseases has widely been documented in literature. However, there is limited focus on diseases targeted for elimination or eradication, particularly preventive chemotherapy neglected tropical diseases (PC-NTDs). There are limited strategies to guide strengthening of surveillance and response system functions concerning PC-NTD…
Open article record in new tab ↗Unstructured AbstractMonitoring COVID-19 vaccination coverage among nursing home (NH) residents and staff is important to ensure high coverage and guide patient-safety policies. With the termination of the federal Pharmacy Partnership for Long-Term Care Program, another source of facility-based vaccination data is needed. We compared numbers of COVID-19 vaccinations administered to NH residents and staff reported…
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