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Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
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Readable research linked to original sources
Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
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Readable research linked to original sources
Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
48 articles
Newest firstDyadic coping among sexual minority men (SMM) has been a focus of HIV prevention research for decades, but few studies have examined relationship quality as a covariate of HIV care cascade outcomes (ART adherence and an undetectable viral load (VL)). This study utilized a 5-category relationship status variable (single; non-monogamous, sero-discordant; non-monogamous, sero-concordant; monogamous, sero-discordant;…
Open article record in new tab ↗Pain is prevalent among people with HIV (PWH), and many PWH who experience pain also use substances (illicit drug and/or unhealthy alcohol use). While cocaine use and cocaine and alcohol co-use are prevalent in this population, their effects on pain in PWH are unknown. This study aims to investigate the association of cocaine use and co-use of cocaine and alcohol with pain interference among PWH. We completed a se…
Open article record in new tab ↗The persistence of HIV latent reservoir is the major challenge to HIV cure because latent viruses serve as sources for viral rebound upon ART cessation. Mechanisms regulating viral persistence are not well understood; thus, there is a compelling need for research focusing on addressing the knowledge gap related to HIV persistence. The present study focuses on the effect of extracellular condensates (ECs) on latent…
Introduction Tobacco use is disproportionately prevalent among people living with HIV (PWH) and is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in this population. Reaching communities of PWH to facilitate smoking cessation is challenging. Digital Therapeutics (DTx) can facilitate widespread implementation and adoption of smoking cessation treatments for PWH. Methods We compared the feasibility and accepta…
People with HIV (PWH) exhibit persistent immune activation despite suppressive antiretroviral therapy, contributing to neurocognitive vulnerability. Marijuana use is common among PWH and may influence inflammatory pathways, but its in vivo immunologic effects in treated HIV remain unclear. In this cross-sectional study (Durham, NC; 2021-2023), 238 adults with and without HIV were grouped by chronic marijuana use.…
Chronic neuroinflammation is associated with comorbidities in people with HIV (PWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART). While cannabis use is associated with reduced neuroinflammation and neurocognitive impairment (NCI) in PWH, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. To address this gap in knowledge, we analyzed monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) from a cohort of 50 PWH and 33 people without HIV (mean age: 61.9 years…
Prospective memory (PM) deficits are common among people with HIV (PWH) and are linked to poor clinical outcomes. Risk factors for PM deficits in PWH are poorly understood. While cannabis use is associated with worse PM in people without HIV, it is unclear whether this association generalizes to PWH. Three hundred and seven PWH (79% with regular cannabis use) completed the Memory for Intentions Test (MIST). Associ…
Open article record in new tab ↗Previous research on the influence of substance use on PrEP uptake and adherence among transgender women has either relied on cross-sectional analyses or on combined samples of cisgender men who have sex with men and a much smaller subsample of transgender women. To the best of our knowledge, no longitudinal study has examined the relationship of substance use and PrEP use/adherence among young transgender women a…
Open article record in new tab ↗Recent work has shown that people with HIV (PWH) exhibit deficits in cognitive control and altered brain responses in the underlying cortical networks, and that regular cannabis use has a normalizing effect on these neural responses. However, the impact of regular cannabis use on the neural oscillatory dynamics underlying motor control deficits in PWH remains less understood. Herein, 102 control cannabis users, co…
Tobacco and cannabis use are prevalent among adults with HIV and co-use is associated with drug dependence and negative health outcomes such as lung disease. This study examined the co-use of tobacco and cannabis by HIV status overall and by sociodemographics. Data came from the adult sample from the 2021-2023 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Adjusted multinomial logistic regressions were performed on tobac…
Open article record in new tab ↗Background Methamphetamine use, which is disproportionately prevalent among people with HIV, increases risk for cardio- and neurovascular pathology through persistent immune activation and inflammation. Preclinical studies indicate that cannabinoids may reduce markers of pro-inflammatory processes, but data from people with chronic inflammatory conditions are limited. We examined potentially interacting associatio…
Background While cannabis use is prevalent among people with HIV (PWH), factors associated with higher-risk use require further study. We examined factors (mental health, sociodemographics, substance use, HIV clinical markers) associated with risk for cannabis use disorder (CUD) among PWH who used cannabis. Methods Participants included adult (≥ 18 years old) PWH from 3 HIV primary care clinics in Kaiser Permanent…
Open article record in new tab ↗Although antiviral therapy has improved quality of life, around 50% of people with HIV (PWH) experience neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. This is prompted in part by the migration of HIV-infected monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) to the brain, leading to neuronal death. Previous studies in our lab have shown that HIV-infected MDMs secrete cathepsin B (CATB), which is a pro-inflammatory neurotoxic enzyme t…
Background HIV care continuum engagement is inadequate among African American/Black and Latine (AABL) young/emerging adults living with HIV in the United States. Within this population, some subgroups face barriers to research and are under-studied. Grounded in social action theory, the present study focuses on a diverse community-recruited cohort including those with non-suppressed HIV viral load. Using a sequent…
Introduction Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is often associated with chronic inflammation and cognitive dysfunction in people living with HIV (PWH). The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor containing pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays a crucial role in the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, specifically interleukin (IL)-18 and IL-1β. Cannabis use and certain phytocann…
Despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), people with HIV (PWH) experience persistent inflammation and metabolic dysfunction, increasing their risk for non-AIDS comorbidities. Accordingly, we evaluated the effects of long-term/low-dose Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) supplementation in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected, ART-treated rhesus macaques (RMs). THC significantly increased plasma/jejunum se…
Open article record in new tab ↗Given the high prevalence of cannabis use among people with HIV (PWH) and its potential to modulate immune responses and reduce inflammation, this systematic review examines preclinical evidence on how tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), a key compound in cannabis, affects gene and micro-RNA expression in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected macaques and HIV-infected human cells. Through a comprehensive search, 19…
Emerging evidence suggests brain-resident myeloid cells, including perivascular macrophages and microglia, provide a reservoir for HIV infection in the central nervous system (CNS), and their inflammatory activation is a proposed pathogenic mechanism in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). We investigated whether cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2), an immunomodulatory receptor expressed in myeloid cells, regu…
The evolving legal landscape has increased marijuana accessibility across the United States, including for medical use to manage clinical symptoms among people with HIV. The effects of marijuana use remain understudied in youth with HIV (YWH), who face lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) and an elevated risk of developing comorbidities. This study applied a multi-modal approach, including plasma biomarker analys…
Open article record in new tab ↗Persons with HIV (PWH) experience high levels of pain. We examined the relationship of pain severity with use of cannabis and prescription opioids among PWH. This cross-sectional study evaluated associations between self-reported pain (moderate/severe vs mild/none) and cannabis and prescription opioid use in a primary care sample of PWH enrolled in an alcohol use treatment study at Kaiser Permanente, San Francisco…