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Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
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Readable research linked to original sources
Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
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Readable research linked to original sources
Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
468 articles
Newest firstBackground Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a broad classification including various chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal conditions that comprises two main disorders: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The key components of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) are highly expressed within the gastrointestinal tract, playing a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and providing protection against i…
Open article record in new tab ↗The endocannabinoid system is a neuromodulatory network regulating synaptic plasticity, neuronal activity, and neuroinflammatory responses in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. The endocannabinoid system comprises endogenous ligands, termed endocannabinoids, and two principal receptors, cannabinoid receptor type 1 and type 2 (CB1R and CB2R). While CB1R is predominantly associated with the central ner…
Open article record in new tab ↗BackgroundThe therapeutic potential of Cannabis sativa has attracted growing interest in oncology. Its diverse phytochemicals, including cannabinoids, flavonoids, and terpenes, interact with oncogenic signaling pathways and the endocannabinoid system influencing tumour progression and therapeutic responses.ObjectiveThis review critically evaluates the molecular mechanisms by which Cannabis sativa phytochemicals mo…
Open article record in new tab ↗The G-protein-coupled receptor cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2R) initiates a key signaling pathway in mammalian physiology and pathophysiology. CB2R signaling holds significant therapeutic potential in ameliorating many pathologies, particularly in inflammatory conditions, neurodegenerative disorders, fibroproliferative and ocular diseases. CB2 modulators have been studied for their anti-inflammatory and tissue protec…
Headache disorders, including migraine, tension-type headache, trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias, post-traumatic headache and medication overuse headache, represent a major global health burden and remain difficult to treat despite therapeutic advances. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) has emerged as a key regulator of neural, vascular, and immune processes central to headache pathophysiology. Through coordinated…
Open article record in new tab ↗Exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH) illustrates how physical activity can reshape the biology of pain while simultaneously influencing the systems that regulate stress. Acute and repeated exercise can reduce pain sensitivity in healthy individuals and in some chronic pain populations, yet the magnitude and consistency of these effects vary substantially across individuals, diagnoses, and exercise protocols. This va…
Open article record in new tab ↗The endocannabinoid system (ECS) and the autophagy receptor p62 are both implicated in metabolic regulation and obesity, yet the mechanisms linking these pathways remain unclear. Here, we investigated whether p62 modulates CB1 receptor (CB1R) turnover or function and whether CB1R contributes to the metabolic phenotype of p62 knockout (KO) mice. In primary cortical neurons from wild-type mice, inhibition of autopha…
BACKGROUND: 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22qDS) is a genetic disorder affecting various body systems and associated with behavioral and psychiatric conditions, with no currently approved pharmacological treatments. ZYN002, a transdermal gel containing synthetic cannabidiol, has been demonstrated to be well tolerated, showing potential benefit in related neurodevelopmental disorders. The INSPIRE study evaluated the s…
Adolescent depression emerges during a developmental period characterized by ongoing maturation of corticolimbic and stress-regulatory systems. This narrative review critically evaluates a hypothesis that acute exercise-related endocannabinoid mobilization, particularly changes in circulating anandamide (AEA), may be linked to CB1 receptor (CB1R)-dependent processes relevant to prefrontal–amygdala function and str…
Introduction This study aimed to determine the expression of cannabinoid receptors in lymphocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) compared with healthy controls, and to evaluate whether receptor expression is associated with disease activity. Methods Using peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 35 SLE patients and 35 healthy controls, we employed multiparametric flow cytometry to characteriz…
Open article record in new tab ↗Rationale The ongoing global opioid crisis underscores the need to better understand the neurobiological mechanisms underlying opioid use disorder (OUD). Stress is a key risk factor for developing and maintaining OUD. While animal models report that the endocannabinoid system (ECS) plays a modulatory role in stress response, alterations of ECS stress reactivity in individuals with OUD have yet to be studied. Objec…
Open article record in new tab ↗Background This SONRIE randomized controlled trial (NCT05849792) examined the effects of a 12-week combined physical exercise and internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (iCBT) intervention on endocannabinoid system (ES) biomarkers and physical fitness in adults with mild-to-moderate depression. Methods Eighty adults were randomly assigned 1:1 to an intervention (IG) or control (CG) group. Outcomes included ni…
Bruxism is a multifactorial motor behavior of predominantly central origin, characterized by repetitive masticatory muscle activity and associated with dysregulation of dopaminergic, serotonergic, GABAergic, and glutamatergic pathways involved in motor control, emotional regulation, and stress responsivity. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) has emerged as a key homeostatic neuromodulator capable of integrating thes…
Open article record in new tab ↗BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the major challenges in contemporary oncology. Despite advances in imaging diagnostics and histopathological assessment, we still lack tools for the early detection of micrometastases and molecular alterations. The purinergic and endocannabinoid systems play an important role in CRC pathogenesis, yet their mutual interactions are not fully understood.MethodsThe stud…
Open article record in new tab ↗Background Depression is a leading cause of global disability, affecting approximately 280 million individuals worldwide. Emerging evidence suggests that both physical fitness and endocannabinoids system play significant roles in the pathophysiology and management of depressive disorders. Purpose To examine the associations between physical fitness, in terms of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and muscular fitness…
Aims To describe differences in the expression of genes encoding cannabinoid receptors (CNR1, CNR2), the associated receptor GRP55 and the enzymes fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MGLL) between individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and controls in key mesocorticolimbic brain regions. Design Case-control, observational postmortem study comparing gene expression in brain tissue fr…
Stress exposure has increased significantly, contributing to higher rates of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. However, individual responses to stress vary greatly, underscoring the concept of stress resilience. The acute stress response activates the amygdala, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex, stimulating the HPA axis and triggering cortisol release, which typically restores balance throu…
Open article record in new tab ↗Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) triggers secondary injury processes involving neuroinflammation and systemic immune remodeling. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) has been implicated in neuroimmune regulation, but its transcriptional relationship with immune remodeling and its translational relevance in human SCI blood remain incompletely defined. Methods: A cross-species discovery-validation-translation framew…
Open article record in new tab ↗Autism spectrum disorder is a common neurodevelopmental condition, defined by persistent deficits in social interaction and communication, as well as restricted repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. Autism spectrum disorder is highly heterogeneous, encompassing a broad range of clinical presentations and suggesting it includes multiple etiological subtypes. Although no unified cause has been e…
Open article record in new tab ↗IntroductionOsteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, progressive joint disorder with higher prevalence and pain severity in women than men. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) modulates pain and shows sexual dimorphism, yet sex-specific alterations in central ECS signalling in OA pain remain under-investigated.ObjectivesWe investigated sex-dependent differences in pain-related behaviours and central ECS signalling in the ra…