Readable research linked to original sources
Articles
Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
Loading articles data…
Readable research linked to original sources
Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
Loading articles data…
Readable research linked to original sources
Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
27 articles
Newest firstNovel psychoactive substances (NPSs) exhibit extremely strong pharmaco-toxicological activity, often leading to severe adverse effects that pose a serious risk to consumers' health. Among these, synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) currently represent the majority of drug seizures in Europe. One such compound, AKB-48 (also known as APINACA), was first identified in Japanese herbal smoking blends in 2012. Although it mimic…
Open article record in new tab ↗Autism spectrum disorder is a common neurodevelopmental condition, defined by persistent deficits in social interaction and communication, as well as restricted repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. Autism spectrum disorder is highly heterogeneous, encompassing a broad range of clinical presentations and suggesting it includes multiple etiological subtypes. Although no unified cause has been e…
Open article record in new tab ↗Background Sarcopenia is a prevalent age-related disorder characterized by progressive muscle atrophy. Impaired balance is one of its most critical clinical consequences, often leading to falling and even bone fractures. As the cerebellum plays a central role in regulating motor coordination, elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying imbalance in sarcopenia, particularly those mediated by the muscle-cerebell…
The cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) in the hippocampus has been involved in impulsivity and alcohol consumption in adolescent rats. However, the role of CB1R in the cerebellum, despite that structure's exceptionally high CB1R density, remains unexplored. We therefore tested the hypothesis that cerebellar CB1R contributes to regulating impulsive behaviour, alcohol consumption and seeking. Male Wistar rats, adolescent…
Open article record in new tab ↗The cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) is the most widely expressed G protein-coupled receptor in the brain, with high concentrations in the basal ganglia, hippocampus, and cerebellum. Predominantly localized in presynaptic terminals, CB1R modulates synaptic transmission through retrograde endocannabinoid signaling. Its expression follows an ontogenetic trajectory, with region- and age-specific patterns that are p…
Open article record in new tab ↗Objective In this study, the effects of leptin, cannabinoid-1 (CB1) receptor agonist ACEA and antagonist AM251, and the interactions between leptin and CB1 receptor agonist/antagonist on oxidant and antioxidant enzymes in the cerebrum, cerebellum, and pedunculus cerebri tissue samples were investigated in the penicillin-induced epileptic model. Methods Male Wistar albino rats (n=56) were included in this study. In…
Many children suffer from neurodevelopmental aberrations that have long-term effects. To understand the consequences of pathological processes during particular periods in neurodevelopment, one has to understand the differences in the developmental timelines of brain regions. The cerebellum is one of the first brain structures to differentiate during development but one of the last to achieve maturity. This relati…
Open article record in new tab ↗Functional inhibition is known to improve treatment outcomes in substance use disorder (SUD), potentially through craving management enabled by underlying cerebral integrity. Whereas treatment is challenged by a multitude of substances that patients often use, no study has yet unraveled if inhibition and related cerebral integrity could prevent relapse from multiples substances, that is, one's primary drug of choi…
The present studies were undertaken to understand the effects of the commonly used nutraceutical PEA on brain function and lipid chemistry. These studies using MRI and broad-scale lipidomics are without precedent in animal or human research. During the MRI scanning session awake rats were given one of three doses of PEA (3, 10, or 30 mg/kg) or vehicle and imaged for changes in BOLD signal and functional connectivi…
Open article record in new tab ↗Predicting the risk for general psychopathology (the p factor) requires the examination of multiple factors ranging from brain to cognitive skills. While an increasing number of findings have reported the roles of the cerebral cortex and executive functions, it is much less clear whether and how the cerebellum and cognitive flexibility (a core component of executive function) may be associated with the risk for ge…
Introduction Although ataxia is associated with cerebellar dysfunction, little is known about the effects of 3-AP exposure on Purkinje cell electrophysiological properties. Here, we evaluated these parameters in cerebellar vermis brain slices. Methods Purkinje cells were exposed to artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) (control) or to 1 mM 3-acetylpyridine (3-AP) in the recording chamber. The effects of a cannabin…
Open article record in new tab ↗Neurodegenerative diseases involve an exacerbated neuroinflammatory response led by microglia that triggers cytokine storm and leukocyte infiltration into the brain. PPARα agonists partially dampen this neuroinflammation in some models of brain insult, but neuronal loss was not the triggering cause in any of them. This study examines the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of the PPARα agonist oleoyl…
Angiotensin (Ang) II is well-known to have potent pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory effects in the brain. Extensive crosstalk between the primary Ang II receptor, Ang type 1 receptor (AT1R), and the cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R) has been demonstrated by various groups in the last decade. Since activation of glial CB1R has been demonstrated to play a key role in the resolution of inflammatory states, we investi…
Open article record in new tab ↗Endocannabinoids retrogradely regulate synaptic transmission and their abundance is controlled by the fine balance between endocannabinoid synthesis and degradation. While the common assumption is that "on-demand" release determines endocannabinoid signaling, their rapid degradation is expected to control the temporal profile of endocannabinoid action and may impact neuronal signaling. Here we show that memory for…
Open article record in new tab ↗Response to inflammation is a key determinant in many diseases and their outcomes. Diseases that commonly affect older people are frequently associated with altered inflammatory processes. Neuroinflammation has been described in Parkinson's disease (PD) brain. PD is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and at the sub-cellular level, mitochondrial dysfunction is a…
Background-The cerebellum has been recently suggested as an important player in the addiction brain circuit. Cannabis is one of the most used drugs worldwide, and its long-term effects on the central nervous system are not fully understood. No valid clinical evaluations of cannabis impact on the brain are available today. The cerebellum is expected to be one of the brain structures that are highly affected by prol…
Open article record in new tab ↗Easy-to-achieve interventions to promote healthy longevity are desired to diminish the incidence and severity of infections, as well as associated disability upon recovery. The dietary supplement palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) exerts anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. Here, we investigated the effect of prophylactic PEA on the early immune response, clinical course, and survival of old mice after intra…
The endocannabinoid system is a regulatory pathway consisting of two main types of cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) and their endogenous ligands, the endocannabinoids. The CB1 receptor is highly expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems (PNS) in mammalians and is involved in neuromodulatory functions. Since endocannabinoids were shown to be elevated in cerebrospinal fluid of epileptic dogs, knowle…
Open article record in new tab ↗The endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) mediates retrograde synaptic depression including depolarization-induced suppression of excitation (DSE) and inhibition (DSI). 2-AG is degraded primarily by monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL), which is expressed in neurons and astrocytes. Using knockout mice in which MAGL is deleted globally or selectively in neurons or astrocytes, we investigated the relative contribu…
Open article record in new tab ↗Prenatal marijuana exposure (PME) is linked to neurobehavioral and cognitive impairments; however, findings in childhood and adolescence are inconsistent. Type-1 cannabinoid receptors (CB1R) modulate fetal neurodevelopment, mediating PME effects on growth of functional circuitry sub-serving behaviors critical for academic and social success. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of prenatal mari…
Open article record in new tab ↗