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Readable research linked to original sources
Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
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Readable research linked to original sources
Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
50 articles
Newest firstSubstance use disorders (SUDs, including alcohol, cannabis, opioids, and tobacco) represent significant public health challenges. The estimated heritability of SUDs is ~50% and many individuals experience multiple SUDs concurrently. Studies have demonstrated the existence of genes shared across multiple SUDs, and identifying these SUD-shared genes is critical to developing novel prevention and treatment strategies…
Open article record in new tab ↗Introduction Genetic factors are thought to play an important role in antipsychotic-induced weight gain (AIWG). Polygenic risk scores (PRS) could provide a measure of genetic predisposition to antipsychotic drug induced weight gain (AIWG).We conducted a study to examine how a PRS, generated using SNPs, identified from a recent meta-analysis, related to weight-change over time in people with first episode-psychosis…
Purpose The global increase in the prevalence of substance use disorders (SUD) has resulted in higher mortality rates. While heroin use has decreased or stabilized, methamphetamine use is increasing, and the combined use of opioids and methamphetamine is becoming more common. FAAH is an enzyme that hydrolyzes endocannabinoid substances and plays a role in neurobehavioral processes. The aim of this study was to inv…
Cannabis is one of the most commonly used drugs in the world, and use is trending alarmingly higher. We aimed to examine the genetic basis of cannabis lifetime use (CanLU) and its genetic relationships with a variety of psychiatric- and physical health-related phenotypes. We conducted a multi-ancestral genome-wide association study (GWAS) of CanLU using data from All of Us in five genetic populations. We meta-anal…
Thyroid diseases are common and highly heritable. We performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies from 19 biobanks for five thyroid diseases: thyroid cancer (ThC), benign nodular goiter, Graves' disease, lymphocytic thyroiditis and primary hypothyroidism. We analyzed genetic association data from ~2.9 million genomes and identified 313 known and 570 new independent loci linked to thyroid diseases.…
Emerging evidence suggests that glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R) agonists may have potential benefits for mental illnesses. However, their exact effects remain unclear. This study investigated the causal relationship between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP1RA) and the risk of 10 common mental illnesses, including attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, anorexia nervosa, anxiety disorder…
Open article record in new tab ↗Pharmacological modulation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) through dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonists, commonly used for diabetes and obesity, shows promise in reducing alcohol consumption. We applied drug-target Mendelian randomization (MR) using genetic variation at these loci to assess their long-term effects on problematic alcohol use (PAU), binge drinkin…
Technological devices play a central role in adolescents' life. Despite concerns about negative effects of excessive screen time, there is little knowledge of screen behaviors' genetic architecture. Using self-reports from adolescents in the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (n = 18,490), we performed genome-wide association analysis for four screen behaviors: time spent (1) watching television; (2)…
Background Future breeding and selection of Cannabis sativa L. for both drug production and industrial purposes require a source of germplasm with wide genetic variation, such as that found in wild relatives and progenitors of highly cultivated plants. Limited directional selection and breeding have occurred in this crop, especially informed by molecular markers. Results This study investigated the population geno…
Background Genetic research on nicotine dependence has utilized multiple assessments that are in weak agreement. Methods We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of nicotine dependence defined using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-NicDep) in 61,861 individuals (47,884 of European ancestry [EUR], 10,231 of African ancestry, and 3,746 of East Asian ancestry) and compared the…
Observational studies suggest that child maltreatment increases the risk of externalizing spectrum disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), conduct disorder (CD), antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), and substance use disorder (SUD). Yet, only few of such associations have been investigated by approaches that provide strong evidence for causation, such as Mendelian Randomization (MR).…
Although tobacco smoking declined among men at reproductive age, the use of cannabis increased. The aim of our study was to determine the impact of tobacco and cannabis on sperm quality, sperm DNA integrity tested by Chromomycin A3 (CMA3) and acridine orange (AO) and their association to genetic variants in the Cytochrome C Oxidase 1, 2 and 3 genes (MT-CO1, MT-CO2, and MT-CO3). Semen samples were collected and div…
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is the second most common cause of early-onset dementia after Alzheimer disease (AD). Efforts in the field mainly focus on familial forms of disease (fFTDs), while studies of the genetic etiology of sporadic FTD (sFTD) have been less common. In the current work, we analyzed 4,685 sFTD cases and 15,308 controls looking for common genetic determinants for sFTD. We found a cluster of var…
Introduction Assessing candidate gene sequence variations and expression helps to understand methamphetamine use disorder and inform potential treatments. We investigated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and gene expression in four candidate genes: SLC18A1, SLC18A2, BDNF, and FAAH, between controls and people with methamphetamine use disorder. Methods Fifty-nine participants (29 people with methamphetamine u…
Cannabis sativa L., previously concealed by prohibition, is now a versatile and promising plant, thanks to recent legalization, opening doors for medical research and industry growth. However, years of prohibition have left the Cannabis research community lagging behind in understanding Cannabis genetics and trait inheritance compared to other major crops. To address this gap, we conducted a comprehensive genome-w…
Open article record in new tab ↗Genetic contributions to human cortical structure manifest pervasive pleiotropy. This pleiotropy may be harnessed to identify unique genetically-informed parcellations of the cortex that are neurobiologically distinct from functional, cytoarchitectural, or other cortical parcellation schemes. We investigated genetic pleiotropy by applying genomic structural equation modeling (SEM) to map the genetic architecture o…
Individuals with schizophrenia frequently experience co-occurring substance use, including tobacco smoking and heavy cannabis use, and substance use disorders. There is interest in understanding the extent to which these relationships are causal, and to what extent shared genetic factors play a role. We explored the relationships between schizophrenia (Scz; European ancestry N = 161,405; African ancestry N = 15,84…
Background Substance use disorder in the United States represents a complex and growing public health crisis, marked by increasing rates of overdose deaths and the misuse of prescription medications. There is a critical need for furthering the understanding of the molecular and genetic mechanisms that can lead to substance use disorder. Identifying significant variants in the kynurenine pathway could help identify…
In humans, the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) gene is activated by exogenous (e.g., high temperatures, irritating compounds such as capsaicin) and endogenous (e.g., endocannabinoids, inflammatory factors, fatty acid metabolites, low pH) stimuli. It has been shown to be involved in several processes including nociception, thermosensation, and energy homeostasis. In this study, we investigated the…
Open article record in new tab ↗In individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR1) gene polymorphism has been linked to diabetic nephropathy (DN). Different renal disorders, including DN, have been found to alter cannabinoid (CB) receptor expression and activation. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between CNR1 rs1776966256 and rs1243008337 genetic variants and the risk of develo…
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