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Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
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Readable research linked to original sources
Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
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Readable research linked to original sources
Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
103 articles
Newest firstComorbid substance use disorders (SUDs) are common but difficult to study due to the complex, interacting and overlapping mechanisms through which they affect brain networks. Many datasets collected to investigate a specific SUD include participants with comorbid SUDs. Although most studies treat comorbid SUDs as covariates of no interest, these covariates also contain untapped information. This is particularly re…
Open article record in new tab ↗Rationale Negative affect is a key factor in Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) associated with craving and relapse risk that is insufficiently treated by approved medications. Cannabidiol (CBD) has shown promising effects on negative affect, indicating its potential for addressing the neurocircuitry underlying negative affect in AUD. Objectives This study investigates CBD's effects on neural response to negative emotiona…
Open article record in new tab ↗Introduction and aim Assessment of antitumor activity in preclinical models remains challenging when relying solely on conventional size-based imaging, particularly for complex agents such as cannabinoids, whose biological effects may not translate into early volumetric tumor changes. Cannabinoid formulations, including the synthetic cannabinoid JWH-182, Cannabixir® Medium dried flowers, and Cannabixir® THC full e…
Open article record in new tab ↗Background Cannabis use among young adults has reached the highest levels ever recorded. Evidence indicates that acute Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) disrupts brain connectivity. Few studies have examined this on a whole-brain level. We examined the effects of a single moderate dose of THC on resting-state functional brain networks among young adult cannabis users. Methods In a within-subject, double-blind, randomi…
There is an accumulation of evidence linking adolescent cannabis use with variations in brain structure and function, however it remains poorly understood whether cannabis-associated variations in brain structure represent pre-existing risk factors or consequences of cannabis use. We investigated whether cannabis use propensity and within-person variations of cannabis use were associated with cortical thickness du…
Open article record in new tab ↗Adaptive emotion regulation is essential for mental health. Reappraisal and acceptance are effective yet cognitively distinct emotion regulation strategies. A key unanswered question is whether their neural implementations are supported by common overarching or distinct neurofunctional processes, especially under dynamic, naturalistic conditions that mirror real-life scenarios. Here, we combined naturalistic fMRI…
Open article record in new tab ↗Introduction Prenatal substance exposure is an increasing problem that has been linked to multiple neurodevelopmental impairments and alterations to brain functional connectivity. Methods Behavioral scores and functional network correlation data were obtained from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM (ABCD) Study. First, behavioral scores based on the child behavioral checklist were tested for associations…
Open article record in new tab ↗PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review evaluates structural neuroimaging research on substance-related psychosis to determine if these conditions share common neurobiological pathways with primary psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia, or exhibit unique signatures. RECENT FINDINGS: Research indicates that methamphetamine, cannabis, and cocaine induce significant structural changes, including cortical thinning and gre…
Open article record in new tab ↗Background Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal degeneration (CBD) are 4-repeat tauopathies (4RT) presenting with overlapping syndromes. Imperfect clinicopathological associations increase sample-size demands in clinical trials. We test whether MRI can enrich trials for PSP/CBD and provide sensitive MRI-based outcome measures. Methods Longitudinal cohort analysis including participants from the 4…
Background Cannabis constituents, including Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), show distinct pharmacological profiles with therapeutic relevance for neurological and psychiatric conditions. THC exerts euphoric effects primarily via CB1 receptor activation, while CBD displays non-euphoric properties affecting various pathways. Aims This study evaluated the effects of THC, CBD, and their combinatio…
The endocannabinoid ligand anandamide (AEA) plays a role in fear extinction, the conceptual foundation of the gold standard treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), exposure-based psychotherapy. Converging evidence from animal models and non-clinical human studies highlights the potential to enhance fear extinction pharmacologically by inhibiting the AEA catabolic enzyme, fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAA…
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory neurodegenerative disorder that typically affects young adults and is primarily characterized by demyelinating lesions in the central nervous system (CNS). According to the Revised McDonald Criteria, the clinical diagnosis of MS can be established based on a combination of clinical observations, the presence of focal lesions in at least two distinct CNS areas on ma…
Background/Objectives: The use of quantitative neuroimaging to establish objective biomarkers in neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) has attracted increasing interest over the last decade. Advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) such as arterial spin labeling (ASL) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), as well as [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography (PET), could provide clinically meaningfu…
Isolated neurofibromas of the gallbladder (GB) and common bile duct (CBD) are exceptionally rare benign tumors, often mimicking malignancies and posing diagnostic challenges. This paper reports the unique case of a 32-year-old male presenting with right upper quadrant pain, jaundice, and clay-colored stools. Imaging revealed a septate GB with mural thickening, a gallstone, and distal CBD annular thickening, indica…
To assess the efficacy of super-resolution deep learning reconstruction (SR-DLR) in enhancing the visualization of pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs) on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). This retrospective study included 85 patients who underwent MRCP, comprising 52 patients with PCLs and 33 without. Images reconstructed using SR-DLR were compared with original images. Quantitative metrics included…
Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder. However, its diagnosis and effective treatment present challenges. Understanding neurotransmitter impairments may offer new perspectives into the mechanisms underlying ASD and the potential therapeutic targets for this condition. This study aimed to investigate the spatial associations of ASD-related brain activity pattern…
Background The pre-supplementary motor area (preSMA) is a critical region within domain-general networks involved in speech production. However, the impact of post-stroke aphasia (PSA) on functional reorganization in this area remains unclear. Objective This study aimed to investigate alterations in functional connectivity (FC) of the preSMA in patients with PSA and their relationships with neurotransmitters and s…
Amid the ongoing global substance use crisis, prenatal health research has increasingly focused on the impact of both licit and illicit substance use on fetal development, and in particular brain development. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become a critical non-invasive tool for investigating how such exposures influence the developing brain. In this review, we summarize findings from 25 peer-reviewed studie…
Although alcohol use disorder (AUD) is highly prevalent, only a few medications are approved for its treatment leaving much room for improvement. Cannabidiol (CBD) might be a particularly promising candidate, with preclinical data suggesting that CBD is effective in targeting AUD symptoms and disease processes that drive alcohol use and relapse, due to its anti-craving, stress-reducing, and anti-compulsive effects…
Major depressive disorder (MDD) exhibits substantial neurobiological heterogeneity that complicates treatment selection and mechanistic understanding. While conventional group-level analyses identify diverse structural alterations, they obscure clinically relevant individual differences. We employed heterogeneity through discriminant analysis (HYDRA) clustering to decompose morphometric inverse divergence (MIND) n…