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Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
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Readable research linked to original sources
Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
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Readable research linked to original sources
Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
149 articles
Newest firstThis study examined the prevalence and patterns of polydrug use among a national sample of civilians aged 12 years or older, with a focus on polydrug use involving opioids, assessing the influence of the first drug used on these behaviors. Using 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) data, five mutually exclusive drug groups were identified in a hierarchical order: opioid use, stimulant or psychoactiv…
Open article record in new tab ↗Purpose This study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to examine associations between the use of four illicit drugs (cocaine, heroin, marijuana, and methamphetamine) and the dental caries experience among adults in the US using the Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index. Materials and methods Data from NHANES 2017-2018, a cross-sectional study that included adults…
Dyadic coping among sexual minority men (SMM) has been a focus of HIV prevention research for decades, but few studies have examined relationship quality as a covariate of HIV care cascade outcomes (ART adherence and an undetectable viral load (VL)). This study utilized a 5-category relationship status variable (single; non-monogamous, sero-discordant; non-monogamous, sero-concordant; monogamous, sero-discordant;…
Open article record in new tab ↗Although random assignment is the standard for drawing causal inferences within clinical trials, it is generally precluded in legal market cannabis research given its federal classification as a schedule 1 drug. Unfortunately, this may cause selection bias and compromise internal validity, and thus, alternative approaches are necessary. One such approach in this context, as well as more broadly, is quasi-random as…
Open article record in new tab ↗Background Predicting progression from substance use to substance use disorder (SUD) is challenging, particularly for participants with cannabis and stimulant use who follow distinct risk trajectories. Machine learning enables integration of demographic, behavioral, wearable-derived, and social determinants of health (SDoH) data, yet few studies have compared linear and non-linear approaches in large, diverse popu…
Open article record in new tab ↗Background: Several factors influence reasons for cannabis use in the U.S. This study examines reasons for cannabis use (recreational only, medical only, both) and their frequency of use in association with demographic variables, health-risk behaviors, legal status, and chronic disease. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 466,355 adults (aged ≥18) in the 2018-2021 BRFSS surveys in areas that admini…
Open article record in new tab ↗Background Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs), such as Spice and K2, appeal to adolescents because they are inexpensive and often evade standard drug tests. We assessed associations between SC use and sports-related traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) among US adolescents. Methods We analyzed nationally representative Youth Risk Behavior Survey data from 2017-2021 (n = 27,482). Sports-related TBIs were defined as self-repor…
Open article record in new tab ↗Background The applicability of spontaneous reporting systems such as the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) to detect cannabis-related safety signals remains unclear due to the potential for discrepant reporting patterns between pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical cannabis-derived products (CDPs). Methods We conducted a descriptive analysis of seven groups of CDP reports subm…
Open article record in new tab ↗Objective To assess the prevalence of CBD use among US adults, identify the health conditions for which CBD is used, and examine whether CBD is used as a substitute or adjunct to conventional treatments. Design setting and participants This cross-sectional survey used Ipsos KnowledgePanel®, a US probability-based online panel covering approximately 97% of US adults and including households without internet access…
PurposeThis study examined perceptions of a proposed US menthol cigarette ban among adults who smoke menthol cigarettes.DesignFocus group discussions.SettingVirtual focus groups with 7-9 participants each.Participants50 US adults (age 21+) who currently smoke menthol cigarettes participated in six focus groups: two with Black participants; two lesbian, gay, or bisexual participants; and two general population grou…
Background and objectives Adolescent substance use is a critical public health concern with significant long-term consequences, yet research on disparities by sexual orientation remains limited. Despite the unique stressors faced by sexual minority youth-particularly bisexual individuals-that increase their risk for substance use, most studies investigate disparities among older adolescents and adults. Using recen…
Background Two-thirds of adults in the United States (U.S.) find recreational and medical cannabis use acceptable. Evidence shows that cannabis use is an effective treatment for pain, and as a harm reducing therapeutic for Substance Use Disorder (SUD). In contrast to most SUD treatment models, some models allow illegal substance use as a harm reduction strategy, which is the case for the SUD treatment program exam…
Background Substance use disorders (SUDs) remain a major source of preventable morbidity and mortality in the United States. This study described trends in the burden of SUDs from 1990 to 2019 by substance, sex, and age, and examined whether state-level policy environments and behavioral health budgets differed across states with the highest and lowest SUD-related disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Methods We…
Substance use and high-risk sexual behaviors remain pressing public health challenges among U.S. adolescents, with tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana being the most used substances. While previous research has shown an association between substance use and risky sexual behavior, there is limited data on how these associations vary based on demographic modifiers such as race, sex, and sexual identity among sexually ac…
Open article record in new tab ↗Objective Food insecurity (FI) prevalence has increased globally, including in the USA, and disproportionately affects certain subgroups (e.g. women). Both food-related and non-food-related sociopolitical indicators may impact FI rates; however, these associations are underexplored. This study assessed select state-level sociopolitical indicators among states with higher and lower FI rates compared to the national…
Open article record in new tab ↗Objectives To investigate whether initiation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists is associated with both reduced risks of incident alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, nicotine, opioid, and other substance use disorders (SUDs) in people with no history of SUDs (protocol 1) and with reduced risk of SUD related adverse clinical outcomes among people with a pre-existing SUD (protocol 2). Design Emulation of e…
Open article record in new tab ↗Introduction The co-use of substances confers risks above single-product use and has significant public health implications. This study investigated trends in past 30-day co-use of nicotine/tobacco products with alcohol and cannabis in the US using Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study data from Waves 4-6 (December 2016-November 2021). Methods All wave 4-6 PATH participants age 15+ were included in ana…
Open article record in new tab ↗Background Cannabis may cause chronic pulmonary disease. Prior studies have been limited by low cannabis exposure, lack of data on tobacco cigarettes, and/or limited numbers of those without tobacco cigarette use. Objective To examine whether inhaled cannabis associated with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, independent of tobacco cigarettes. Design Cross-sectional analysis of population-based, nat…
Background and objectives Patients using fentanyl have worse treatment outcomes; however, little is known about other drugs that complicate treatment. Methods A national survey (n = 396) was conducted using a random sample of clinicians waivered to prescribe buprenorphine in the United States. This study reports the results of a single survey item on clinicians' perceptions of other drugs, besides IMF, complicatin…
Introduction Abuse potential assessment of drugs with central nervous system activity is a critical component of the development of new medications for regulatory filings for approval worldwide. These new drug applications typically include recommendations for scheduling status as a controlled substance, if scheduling is warranted. This commentary focuses on the approach and current issues related to scheduling in…