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Readable research linked to original sources
Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
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Readable research linked to original sources
Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
47 articles
Newest firstComorbid substance use disorders (SUDs) are common but difficult to study due to the complex, interacting and overlapping mechanisms through which they affect brain networks. Many datasets collected to investigate a specific SUD include participants with comorbid SUDs. Although most studies treat comorbid SUDs as covariates of no interest, these covariates also contain untapped information. This is particularly re…
Open article record in new tab ↗The interactive effects of HIV and marijuana (MJ) on the brain remain largely unknown, despite the prevalence of cognitive implications in this population. This study examined the impacts of HIV and MJ on brain networks crucial for normal cognitive function. Functional MRI data and a battery of neuropsychological tests from 237 HIV+ and HIV- adults aged 25-59 years, stratified by MJ use, were collected. The follow…
Open article record in new tab ↗Rationale Negative affect is a key factor in Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) associated with craving and relapse risk that is insufficiently treated by approved medications. Cannabidiol (CBD) has shown promising effects on negative affect, indicating its potential for addressing the neurocircuitry underlying negative affect in AUD. Objectives This study investigates CBD's effects on neural response to negative emotiona…
Open article record in new tab ↗Introduction Regular cannabis use is associated with attenuated neural reward signaling, primarily measured through monetary or drug-cue tasks. Yet, minimal research has studied functional positive face processing in inhibitory control contexts, particularly amongst cannabis-using adolescent and young adults. The present study seeks to investigate functional response differences in whole-brain and ventral striatal…
Background Cannabis use among young adults has reached the highest levels ever recorded. Evidence indicates that acute Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) disrupts brain connectivity. Few studies have examined this on a whole-brain level. We examined the effects of a single moderate dose of THC on resting-state functional brain networks among young adult cannabis users. Methods In a within-subject, double-blind, randomi…
AbstractThe central endocannabinoid system, particularly the in vivo cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor signaling, presents a promising target for treating eating disorders. However, its precise role in appetite control remains unclear. This study aimed to determine how CB1 receptor signaling contributes to key aspects of appetite regulation, specifically anticipatory food reward responses and inhibitory control. F…
Open article record in new tab ↗Background A common feature of cannabis use disorder (CUD) is an intense reactivity to cannabis cues, which are becoming increasingly visible due to the growth in its decriminalization, accessibility, and marketing of cannabis products. The brain's automatic reactivity to cannabis cues can trigger craving and subsequent use. In this study, we aimed to test neural activity during cannabis cue reactivity in non-trea…
Open article record in new tab ↗Background:Individuals with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at increased risk for cannabis misuse, with increasing prevalence among young adults. Existing evidence suggests that cannabis can have therapeutic effects on ADHD symptoms, and continued use may be partly driven by perceived improvements in symptom-related deficits. To investigate the neural evidence for these associations, we integra…
BackgroundChronic pain is one of the most common reasons for medicinal cannabis use, yet the neural mechanisms underlying cannabis-related modulation of pain remain poorly understood. Both pain and cannabis use independently alter functional connectivity within the brains default mode network (DMN) that modulate interoception and self-referential aspects of pain processing. The goal of this study was to examine th…
Open article record in new tab ↗Rationale Despite the critical role of choice processes in substance use disorders, the neurobehavioral mechanisms guiding human decisions about drugs remain poorly understood. Objectives We aimed to characterize the neural encoding of subjective value (SV) for cannabis versus non-drug rewards (snacks) in people who use cannabis on a near-daily/daily frequency (PWUCF) and assessed the impact of cannabis and snack…
Open article record in new tab ↗Background Chronic cannabis use (CU) can result in subtle deficits in cognitive performance that may be linked with alterations in underlying neural functioning. However, these network alterations are not well-characterized following monitored abstinence. Here, we evaluate differences in functional brain network activity associated with CU patterns in adolescents/young adults. Methods Functional connectomes were g…
Open article record in new tab ↗Adaptive emotion regulation (ER) is essential for mental health. Reappraisal and acceptance are effective ER strategies that form the basis of therapeutic interventions, yet their common and distinct neural signatures - and the translational potential of these signatures - remain unclear. Here, we combined naturalistic fMRI with multivariate predictive modeling to develop neurofunctional signatures that accurately…
Rationale For decades, cannabis has been the most widely used illicit substance in the world, particularly among youth. Research suggests that mental health problems associated with cannabis use may result from its effect on reward brain circuit, emotional processes, and cognition. However, findings are mostly derived from correlational studies and inconsistent, particularly in adolescents. Objectives and methods…
Open article record in new tab ↗Current treatments for alcohol use disorders (AUD) have limited efficacy. Recently, Cannabidiol (CBD) has been examined in a multitude of clinical settings. Preclinical and clinical results suggest that CBD might be particularly well suited for the treatment of AUD and may reduce alcohol cue and stress-induced craving and alcohol seeking. This study aims to investigate this new pharmacotherapy with a particular fo…
The ε4 allele of the APOE gene heightens the risk of late onset Alzheimer's disease. ε4 carriers, may exhibit cognitive and neural changes early on. Given the known memory-enhancing effects of physical exercise, particularly through hippocampal plasticity via endocannabinoid signaling, here we aimed to test whether a single session of physical exercise may benefit memory and underlying neurophysiological processes…
Rationale Cannabis is one of the most widely used psychoactive substances globally. Cannabis use can be associated with alterations of reward processing, including affective flattening, apathy, anhedonia, and lower sensitivity to natural rewards in conjunction with higher sensitivity to cannabis-related rewards. Such alterations have been posited to be driven by changes in underlying brain reward pathways, as per…
The characteristic endogenous circadian rhythm of plasma glucocorticoid concentrations is made up from an underlying ultradian pulsatile secretory pattern. Recent evidence has indicated that this ultradian cortisol pulsatility is crucial for normal emotional response in man. In this study, we investigate the anatomical transcriptional and cell type signature of brain regions sensitive to a loss of ultradian rhythm…
Open article record in new tab ↗Background Evidence suggests that an overlap exists between the neurobiology of psychotic disorders and the effects of cannabinoids on neurocognitive and neurochemical substrates involved in reward processing. Aims We investigate whether the psychotomimetic effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and the antipsychotic potential of cannabidiol (CBD) are underpinned by their effects on the reward system and do…
Open article record in new tab ↗Cannabis has been shown to cause structural and functional neurocognitive changes in heavy users. Cannabis use initiation aligns with brain development trajectories; therefore, it is imperative that the potential neurological implications of cannabis use are understood. Males and females reach neurodevelopmental milestones at different rates making it necessary to consider biological sex in all cannabis and brain-…
Background Cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) are the two major constituents of cannabis with contrasting mechanisms of action. THC is the major psychoactive, addiction-promoting, and psychotomimetic compound, while CBD may have opposite effects. The brain effects of these drugs alone and in combination are poorly understood. In particular, the striatum is implicated in the pathophysiology of seve…