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Readable research linked to original sources
Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
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Readable research linked to original sources
Browse normalized, publication-ready research with direct links to its evidence and source.
28 articles
Newest firstThe development of compounds triggering intestinal stem cells (ISCs) proliferation represents a promising strategy to alleviate irradiation (IR)-induced gastrointestinal syndrome. Here, cannabidiol (CBD)-a nonpsychotomimetic phytocannabinoid derived from the Cannabis sativa plant-was found to dramatically improve body weight loss of mice and stimulate Lgr5+ ISCs proliferation upon a lethal dose of IR. Using absolu…
Open article record in new tab ↗Both hot and cold sensations of the homotetrameric thermosensitive transient receptor potential vanilloid 1-4 (TRPV1-4) channels have been predicted by a single Gibbs-Helmholtz equation for a change in molar heat capacity. However, the heat capacity model has not been examined for TRPV3 channels involving inactivation. Given the mirrored heat and cold sensitivity in TRPV1 with a shared starter, the same case shoul…
Open article record in new tab ↗Hexahydrocannabinol (HHC), a hydrogenated derivative of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), is a semi-synthetic cannabinoid marketed as an alternative to Δ9-THC. Its hydroxylated metabolite, 8-hydroxyhexahydrocannabinol (8-OH-HHC), exists as four stereoisomers: (6aR,8R,9R,10aR), (6aR,8S,9S,10aR), (6aR,8S,9R,10aR), and (6aR,8R,9S,10aR). However, the lack of reference standards has hindered pharmacokinetic and forensi…
Open article record in new tab ↗Mitochondrial disruption is a key mechanism in the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases. Promoting mitochondrial dynamics and renewal of the mitochondrial network can restore its function and sustain neuronal viability. Although a growing body of evidence implicates endocannabinoid signaling in the regulation of mitochondrial function, its neuroprotective role in neurodegenerative diseases remains largely unexpl…
Prostaglandin (PG) endoperoxide synthases (PGHS)-1 and -2 oxygenate arachidonic acid to PGH2, the precursor to PGs and thromboxane. PGHS-2 also oxygenates ester and amide substrates more efficiently than PGHS-1. Foremost among these neutral substrates are the endocannabinoids, arachidonoylethanolamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG). 2-AG is the most abundant endocannabinoid and a full agonist for both cannabino…
Open article record in new tab ↗Oxidative byproducts of cannabidiol (CBD) are known to be cytotoxic. However, CBD susceptibility to oxidation and resulting toxicity dissolved in two common solvents, ethanol (EtOH) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), is seldom discussed. Furthermore, CBD products contain a wide range of concentrations, making it challenging to link general health risks associated with CBD cytotoxicity. Here, we report on the effect of…
Hempseed oil (HSO) is extremely rich in unsaturated fatty acids, especially linoleic (18:2 n-6) and α-linolenic (18:3 n-3) acids, which determine its high sensitivity to oxidative and photo-oxidative degradations that can lead to rancidity despite the presence of antioxidant compounds. The aim of this work was to evaluate which material/temperature/light solutions better preserve HSO quality during its shelf life…
Open article record in new tab ↗We propose a novel method for assessing metabolic flexibility (MF) through indirect calorimetry. A total of twenty healthy volunteers (10 females; 10 males) aged 45-65 were categorized into a Low-Intensity activity group (LI, 0-1 session of 1 h per week) and a High-Intensity activity group (HI, 5-6 sessions of 2 h per week). Volunteers underwent a stepwise exercise test on a cycle ergometer, connected to a calorim…
Data suggest cannabis users have similar or lower levels of blood lipids compared to nonusers. However, the extent to which cannabis users experience postprandial lipemia is not known. Eleven cannabis users and 11 nonusers completed either rest or 1 h of exercise at their ventilatory threshold the evening before a meal tolerance test (MTT). Substrate oxidation, blood pressure, and capillary blood were obtained bef…
Open article record in new tab ↗Aging is characterized by oxidative stress and immune function impairment, and is associated with increased morbidity. Cannabidiol (CBD) has anti-oxidant properties, but its role in aging has been scarcely studied. This work aims to test the effect of CBD on the redox state and immunity during aging in rats. In this study, 15-month-old male Long Evans rats received 10 mg/kg b.w/day of CBD in their diet for 10 week…
UVA exposure disturbs the metabolism of skin cells, often inducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Therefore, there is a need for bioactive compounds that limit such consequences without causing undesirable side effects. The aim of this study was to analyse in vitro the effects of the phytocannabinoids cannabigerol (CBG) and cannabidiol (CBD), which differ in terms of biological effects. Furthermore, the combin…
We report enzymes from the berberine bridge enzyme (BBE) superfamily that catalyze the oxidative cyclization of the monoterpene moiety in cannabigerolic acid (CBGA) to form cannabielsoin (CBE). The enzymes are from a variety of organisms and are previously uncharacterized. Out of 232 homologues chosen from the enzyme superfamily, four orthologues were shown to accept CBGA as a substrate and catalyze the biosynthes…
Neutral cannabinoids are oxidatively unstable and are converted into quinone derivatives by atmospheric- and/or chemical oxidative dearomatization. The study of cannabinoquinones has long been plagued by their lability toward additional oxidative degradation, but full substitution of the quinone ring, as well as the introduction of steric hindrance on the alkyl substituent, have provided sufficient stability for a…
Open article record in new tab ↗Grafting of electrodes with diazonium salts using cyclic voltammetry (CV) is a well-established procedure for surface modification. However, little is known about the effect of the concentration of the diazonium salt on the number of layers grafted on the electrode surface. In this work, the impact of concentration on the grafting of 4-carboxybenzenediazonium (4-CBD) onto a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) is elucida…
Synthetic cannabinoids (SCBs), designer drugs marketed as legal alternatives to marijuana, act as ligands to cannabinoid receptors; however, they have increased binding affinity and potency, resulting in toxicity symptoms such as cardiovascular incidents, seizures, and potentially death. N-(adamantan-1-yl)-1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indole-3-carboxamide (STS-135) is a third generation SCB. When incubated with hepatocyt…
Spurred by a growing interest in cannabidiolquinone (CBDQ, HU-313, 2) as a degradation marker and alledged hepatotoxic metabolite of cannabidiol (CBD, 1), we performed a systematic study on the oxidation of CBD (1) to CBDQ (2) under a variety of experimental conditions (base-catalyzed aerobic oxidation, oxidation with metals, oxidation with hypervalent iodine reagents). The best results in terms of reproducibility…
Enzymatically oxidized lipids are a specific group of biomolecules that function as key signaling mediators and hormones, regulating various cellular and physiological processes from metabolism and cell death to inflammation and the immune response. They are broadly categorized as either polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) containing (free acid oxygenated PUFA "oxylipins", endocannabinoids, oxidized phospholipids) o…
Although hemp seed (HS) oil is characterized by more than 80% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), a very high ω-6-to-ω-3 ratio is not a popular commodity. The aim of this work was to provide useful data about the bioactive components and cannabidiolic acid content in thirteen different commercial hemp seed oils. The investigated HS oils showed a good ω-6/ω-3 ratio, ranging from 1.71 to 2.27, massively differed in…
The aim of this study was to investigate possible stress-associated disturbances in lipid metabolism in mononuclear cells, mainly lymphocytes of patients with psoriasis vulgaris (Ps, n = 32) or with psoriatic arthritis (PsA, n = 16) in respect to the healthy volunteers (n = 16). The results showed disturbances in lipid metabolism of psoriatic patients reflected by different phospholipid profiles. The levels of non…
Flavin-dependent enzymes catalyze many oxidations, including formation of ring structures in natural products. The gene cluster for biosynthesis of fumisoquins, secondary metabolites structurally related to isoquinolines, in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus fumigatus harbors a gene that encodes a flavoprotein of the amine oxidase family, termed fsqB (fumisoquin biosynthesis gene B). This enzyme catalyzes an oxid…