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Research included in this condition report
19 rights-cleared articles published in 2022, ordered newest first.
19 articles from 2022
Newest firstCannabis is the most widely consumed illegal drug in the world and synthetic cannabinoids are increasingly gaining popularity and replacing traditional cannabis. These substances are a type of new psychoactive substance that mimics the cannabis effects but often are more severe. Since, people with opioids use disorder use widely cannabis, they are a population vulnerable to use synthetic cannabinoids. In addition,…
Simple SummaryWe applied a toxicological screening on 187 urine samples collected from patients with opioid-use disorder treated with opioid agonists in Barcelona and Badalona addiction care services, Spain. We found that 27.3% of urine samples were positive for any type of new psychoactive substance and 8.6% of samples were positive for a new synthetic opioid (NSO). These results show a new trend of consumption i…
Importance It is known that only minority of patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) receive treatment, of which only a fraction successfully complete treatment as intended. Factors associated with poor treatment outcomes remain unclear, and there is emerging but conflicting evidence that cannabis use may mitigate opioid use. Objective To analyze predictors of relapse amongst patients receiving buprenorphine-nalox…
Despite the large toll of opioid use disorder (OUD), genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of OUD to date have yielded few susceptibility loci. We performed a large-scale GWAS of OUD in individuals of European (EUR) and African (AFR) ancestry, optimizing genetic informativeness by performing MTAG (Multi-trait analysis of GWAS) with genetically correlated substance use disorders (SUDs). Meta-analysis included seve…
Background Cannabis use during methadone treatment may negatively impact treatment outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and pattern of cannabis use among patients attending a methadone treatment clinic in Nairobi, Kenya. Methods This was a retrospective study of 874 patients on methadone therapy at a methadone maintenance treatment clinic in Nairobi, Kenya from December 2014 to November…
Since the start of the COVID-19 global pandemic, our understanding of the underlying disease mechanism and factors associated with the disease severity has dramatically increased. A recent study investigated the relationship between substance use disorders (SUD) and the risk of severe COVID-19 in the United States and concluded that the risk of hospitalization and death due to COVID-19 is directly correlated with…
BackgroundMortality is increased among people with opioid use disorder but reduced while on opioid agonist treatment (OAT). However, the impact of patient and treatment characteristics on mortality and causes of death is insufficiently studied.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to explore mortality and causes of death and examine the impact of patient and treatment characteristics on mortality in an OAT coh…
Background:Comparative studies of the naturalistic course of patients of opioid dependence on naltrexone and buprenorphine are likely to be helpful for clinical decision-making. The article aimed to report on the three-months naturalistic outcomes of patients discharged on naltrexone or buprenorphine from the same center.Methods:Patients with opioid dependence who were discharged on either naltrexone (n = 86) or b…
Cannabinoid co-administration may enable reduced opioid doses for analgesia. This updated systematic review on the opioid-sparing effects of cannabinoids considered preclinical and clinical studies where the outcome was analgesia or opioid dose requirements. We searched Scopus, Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials, Medline, and Embase (2016 onwards). Ninety-two studies met the search criteria including 1…
INTRODUCTION: Sleep can have substantial impacts in substance use disorder (SUD) pathogenesis, treatment, and recovery. Sex differences exist in both sleep and SUD, but how sleep is uniquely associated with SUD by sex is not known. The study objective was to compare, within sex, sleep parameters between individuals with SUD and non-substance misusing controls. METHODS: Secondary analyses of a parent cross-sectiona…
Background:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is commonly comorbid with opioid dependence (OD). We wanted to compare the neurocognitive functions of OD subjects with or without HCV [HCV (+), HCV (–)] and healthy controls (HC).Methods:We recruited 40 adult subjects (age 18–55 years) in each group. HCV(+) group had a detectable viral load. Subjects with HIV or hepatitis B infection, head injury, epilepsy, or comorbid…
Background A quarter of pregnant women use alcohol, 6.5/1000 deliveries are affected by opioid use disorder (OUD), and the prevalence of cannabis use in pregnant women is increasing. However, marijuana co-exposure in polysubstance-using women is not well described. Methods The well-characterized ENRICH-1 cohort (n = 251), which focused on the effects of two primary exposures of interest-opioids and alcohol, was us…
Background Opioid use disorder (OUD) remains a major public health concern. Despite the use of medications for OUD such as buprenorphine, the current gold-standard treatment, relapse in the context of increased craving remains common. Cannabidiol (CBD) has been shown to reduce cue-induced craving in individuals with OUD, but among those who were not receiving any buprenorphine treatment. This small proof-of-concep…
BackgroundScreening Brief Intervention Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) is recommended as a routine part of pediatric primary care, though managing patients with positive screens is challenging. To address this problem, the state of Massachusetts created a call line staffed by pediatric Addiction Medicine specialists to provide consultations to primary care providers and access to a behavioral health provider special…
Cannabinoids can be successfully used in the treatment of many symptoms and diseases; however, most often they are not the drugs of first choice. They can be added to the primary therapy, which can improve its effectiveness, or be introduced as the basic treatment when the conventional methods have failed. Small clinical trials and case reports prove the benefits of applying medicinal cannabis in various indicatio…
Aim:To evaluate the prevalence of substance use disorder (SUD) and its association with the course and outcome of bipolar disorder (BD).Materials and Methods:A total of 773 patients with BD were recruited from 14 centers in different parts of India, and they were evaluated for the prevalence of comorbid substance dependence, course and outcome, subjective cognitive functioning, and disability.Results:About one-fou…
ObjectivesIdentify rates and correlates of comorbid affective and substance use disorders among an understudied population, Medicaid/Medicare beneficiaries receiving care at an opioid treatment program serving patients from small urban and rural areas. Examine whether past-year non-medical opioid use status differentiates comorbidity status.MethodsA cross-sectional, venue-based design was used to recruit a conveni…
ObjectiveUnderstanding opioid use and distribution trends by geographic area is critical in addressing the ongoing opioid epidemic in the United States. This study is a county level analysis of oxycodone and hydrocodone use in Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia between 2006-2014. Materials and MethodsA retrospective analysis of oxycodone and hydrocodone distributed as collected by the Drug Enforcement Administration…
BackgroundEvaluating the opioid use disorder (OUD) care cascade can improve OUD treatment retention and care. ObjectivesTo identify risk and protective factors for retention among patients in OUD treatment. MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study among patients diagnosed with OUD using data from the Rhode Island (RI) All-Payer Claims Database from 2011 to 2019. Patients who initiated treatment (Stage 2) w…