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Brief Report 2025CC BYFree full text

In vitro activation of the CB1 receptor by the semi-synthetic cannabinoids hexahydrocannabinol (HHC), hexahydrocannabinol acetate (HHC-O) and hexahydrocannabiphorol (HHC-P).

Mattias Persson, Robert Kronstrand, Michael Evans‐Brown, Henrik Green

Semi-synthetic cannabinoids (SSCs) including hexahydrocannabinol (HHC) are emerging on the drug market and sold openly as purportedly legal replacements for cannabis and Δ9-THC. By the beginning of 2024, 24 European countries had identified HHC, often sold openly in edibles (foods/candy), vapes and low-THC cannabis flowers and resins. The SSC market is developing rapidly, with HHC acetate (HHC-O), hexahydrocannabi…

Drug Testing and Analysis Europe PMC

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Research Article 2025CC BYFree full text

In vitro CB1 receptor activity of halogenated indazole synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists.

Henrik Green, Craig McKenzie, Elias Hamra, Tobias Rautio, Xiongyu Wu, Emma Juneskog +4 more

Synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) are a group of new psychoactive substances (NPS) that bind to and activate the cannabinoid 1 and 2 (CB1 and CB2) receptors. Following the introduction of SCRA analog controls in China in July 2021, new SCRAs with a bromine at the 5 position on the indazole core emerged on the recreational drug market. In this study, the in vitro CB1 receptor activity of 19 different…

Archives of Toxicology