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Research Article 2026CC BYFree full text

Cannabis and nicotine use are independently associated with adverse surgical, medical, and psychosocial outcomes following upper extremity fracture fixation.

Christopher D. Hamad, Nora A. Galoustian, Joshua Wiener, Nick Yusin, Timothy Liu, Thomas Olson +8 more

Background Marijuana use is rising in the United States, yet its impact on perioperative outcomes remains poorly understood, particularly in orthopaedic trauma where cessation is often not feasible. This study evaluates the risks associated with cannabis and nicotine use in patients undergoing fixation of upper extremity fractures. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of adult trauma patients with upper e…

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research Europe PMC

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Research Article 2026CC BYFree full text

Cannabis use increases surgical, medical, and psychosocial complications after lower extremity fracture fixation and shows compounded risk with concurrent nicotine use.

Christopher D. Hamad, Michelle Nwufo, Joshua Wiener, Timothy Liu, Thomas E. Olson, Paul Walker +8 more

Cannabis use is rapidly increasing in the United States, yet its perioperative implications remain poorly understood, particularly in trauma populations. Despite expanding legalization, the perioperative effects of cannabis on surgical outcomes remain uncertain. This retrospective cohort study used electronic health record data to evaluate the association between cannabis use, with and without concurrent nicotine…

Scientific Reports