Integrating temporal morphophysiological and genomic markers for precise classification of flowering time in cannabis

Abstract Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1038/s41598-026-53686-y. Article type: Research Article Keywords: Autoflowering, Genotyping-by-Sequencing, Heritability, Longitudinal Phenotyping, Marker-Assisted Selection, Photoperiodism, Genetics, Plant sciences Authors: Mehdi Babaei, Hossein Nemati, Hossein Arouiee, Davoud Torkamaneh Affiliations: https://ror.org/04sjchr03grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Département de Phytologie, Université Laval, Rue de l’Université, Québec City, Québec G1V 0A6 Canada; https://ror.org/04sjchr03grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Rue de l’Université, Québec City, Québec G1V 0A6 Canada; https://ror.org/04sjchr03grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936