Cannabis Use Disorder in the Era of Legalization: Implications for Addiction Treatment Systems

Abstract Introduction: Cannabis legalization has expanded rapidly across high-income jurisdictions, altering patterns of cannabis use, product potency, and commercial markets. Although surveillance systems increasingly quantify cannabis exposure, clinically meaningful harm is more difficult to detect. Cannabis use disorder (CUD) represents a key construct linking exposure to sustained impairment, yet its epidemiologic visibility depends heavily on diagnostic frameworks and measurement design. Aim: This review examines how contemporary surveillance systems detect cannabis-related harm and evaluates the implications of diagnostic classification, epidemiologic measurement,