Core Outcome Measures in Preclinical Assessment of Candidate Analgesics
Abstract All preclinical procedures for analgesic drug discovery involve two components: 1) a “pain stimulus” (the principal independent variable), which…
Review Article
Extracellular vesicles-mediated intercellular communication: roles in the tumor microenvironment and anti-cancer drug resistance
Abstract The tumor microenvironment represents a complex network, in which tumor cells not only communicate with each other but also…
An Update on Plant Photobiology and Implications for Cannabis Production
Abstract This review presents recent developments in plant photobiology and lighting systems for horticultural crops, as well as potential applications…
The endocannabinoid system and stroke: A focused review
Abstract Stroke is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Development of novel neuroprotectants is of paramount importance. This…
Treatment of Fragile X Syndrome with Cannabidiol: A Case Series Study and Brief Review of the Literature
Abstract Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is an X-linked dominant disorder caused by a mutation in the fragile X mental retardation…
Daily Practice Managing Resistant Multiple Sclerosis Spasticity With Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol: Cannabidiol Oromucosal Spray: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies
Abstract Background/purpose: Spasticity is one of the most common symptoms in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Conventional anti-spasticity agents have…
Alcohol Interaction with Cocaine, Methamphetamine, Opioids, Nicotine, Cannabis, and γ-Hydroxybutyric Acid
Abstract Millions of people around the world drink alcoholic beverages to cope with the stress of modern lifestyle. Although moderate…
Cannabinoid Signaling in the Skin: Therapeutic Potential of the “C(ut)annabinoid” System
Abstract The endocannabinoid system (ECS) has lately been proven to be an important, multifaceted homeostatic regulator, which influences a wide-variety…
New Synthetic Cannabinoids Metabolism and Strategies to Best Identify Optimal Marker Metabolites
Abstract Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) were initially developed as pharmacological tools to probe the endocannabinoid system and as novel pharmacotherapies, but…
An Updated List of Neuromedicinal Plants of Pakistan, Their Uses, and Phytochemistry
Abstract Background: Almost every region of Pakistan is stacked with a large number of medicinal plants. Due to high cost…