In vivo porcine training model of laparoscopic common bile duct repair with T-tube insertion under the situation of iatrogenic common bile duct injury

Abstract Purpose: We introduce a training porcine model for laparoscopic common bile duct (CBD) repair with T-tube insertion. The model could be the feasible training tool for a surgeon learning hepatobiliary surgery. Methods: Totally laparoscopic CBD repair with T-tube insertion was performed on 9 pigs by 9 trainees naïve in hepatobiliary surgery. Similar to the situation of iatrogenic injury, CBD was transected by laparoscopic scissors at the middle part about 1 cm in length, and the transected CBD was repaired