Immune cell–related gene signatures for diagnostic and prognostic stratification in thyroid cancer using machine learning analysis

Abstract Backgrounds: Immune cells play a crucial role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) by regulating the progression of cancer cells. However, the clinical relevance of immune cell infiltration-related mRNA in thyroid cancer (TC) remains uncertain. Current diagnostic methods, such as cytology and imaging, still face limitations in accurately assessing tumor behavior and prognosis, highlighting the need for more reliable molecular indicators. Methods: Three cohorts (TCGA, GSE3678, and GSE33630) were included in the study to construct immune-related signatures for thyroid cancer