Chemotaxonomy and Bioactivity of Cupressus sempervirens Varieties Essential Oils: Insights Into Their Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Potential

Abstract Collagenase and tyrosinase are key enzymes involved in skin aging and melanin synthesis, making the search for effective natural inhibitors increasingly important in cosmetic and pharmaceutical fields. In this context, the present study explores the chemotaxonomy, antioxidant capacity, and enzyme inhibitory potential of essential oils (EOs) from three Tunisian varieties of Cupressus sempervirens: var. horizontalis, var. numidica, and var. pyramidalis. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis of leaf EOs identified 47 compounds, predominantly monoterpenes, with α‐pinene and 3‐carene as major