Epigenomic profiling of papillary thyroid carcinoma reveals distinct subtypes with clinical implications

Abstract Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most prevalent form of thyroid cancer with generally favorable outcomes. However, surgeons often face challenges regarding optimal surgical timing, extent of surgery, and identifying patients at risk for metastasis or progression to more aggressive subtypes. The ongoing debate over immediate surgery versus active surveillance emphasizes the need for reliable, minimally invasive diagnostic tools to inform surgical decision-making. This study aims to develop an epigenetic biomarker-based prediction system using fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) samples