Medicinal plants trade in Harare’s urban markets: diversity, conservation status, and economic significance

Abstract Background: Urban markets serve as crucial centres for trading traditional medicinal plants, yet there is limited research on the diversity, geographic origins, and socio-economic contributions of these plants. Therefore, this study aimed at understanding the species composition and diversity, conservation status, and economic importance of medicinal plants in urban markets of Harare, Zimbabwe, to provide insights into their sustainability and cultural significance. Methods: This study surveyed medicinal plant vendors in three major urban markets in Harare, Mbare, Highfield, and