Cannabidiol in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: preclinical evidence, molecular mechanisms, and translational challenges

Abstract Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the deadliest and most treatment-resistant cancers, with limited progress in improving patient survival. Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid, has emerged as a potential anticancer agent due to its diverse molecular effects in preclinical cancer models. Objective: This systematic review aims to evaluate the preclinical and early clinical evidence regarding CBD’s anticancer effects in PDAC, with emphasis on its molecular mechanisms, therapeutic synergies, and translational feasibility. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus,