Victimization in traditional and cyberbullying as risk factors for substance use, self-harm and suicide attempts in high school students

Abstract Background: Traditional bullying (or peer bullying) is considered a common and unpleasant experience among students and has serious consequences such as mental health problems and unhealthy behavior. In recent years, another type of bullying named cyberbullying has emerged as a growing problem with negative effects on school achievement, physiology, and mental health of its victims. Objective: The purpose of this research is to examine and compare the roles of traditional and cyberbullying victimization in substance use, self-harm and suicide