Investigating the Effects of Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) on Stress, Craving and Pain in Opioid Use Disorder

Exclusion criteria

• DSM-5 diagnosis of moderate-to-severe cannabis use disorder, alcohol use disorder, and/or psychostimulant use disorder \[medical record review and health history form\]
• Active, recurrent substance use within the last 3 months that will interfere with study participation and completion of study procedures \[medical record review and health history form\]
• History of psychotic, bipolar and schizoaffective disorders \[medical record review and health history form\]
• Lifetime psychiatric hospitalization or suicide attempt, as assessed by the health history form
• Recent history (within 2 years) of major depressive disorder \[health history form and clinical interview\]
• Currently pregnant or breastfeeding (female only) \[pregnancy test/ self-reported\]
• History of autoimmune or chronic inflammatory diseases \[health history form\] Current use of medications known to alter inflammatory and immune response \[health history form\] Raynaud's disease \[health history form\]
• BMI \>45
• Hepatic liver enzymes greater than 3x upper normal limit
• Vital signs: HR ≤60 or ≥100, SBP ≤90 or ≥160, DBP ≤50 or ≥100, RR \< 12 or \> 20
• Recent history of clinically significant medical conditions including, but not limited to, malignancy (and treatment for malignancy), HIV, immunological, endocrine (including uncontrolled diabetes or thyroid disease), renal, GI, or hematological abnormalities that are uncontrolled\* \[health history form and medical record review\]