Abstract Cue‐induced craving—the desire to use a drug triggered by exposure to cues associated with prior use—is a central mechanism…
Abstract Ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine signaling plays a key role in reward learning and drug dependence. VTA dopamine cell…
Abstract The ventral tegmental area (VTA) mediates incentive salience and reward prediction error through dopamine (DA) neurons that are regulated…
Abstract Depression, the most prevalent psychiatric disorder in the Western world, is characterized by increased negative affect (i.e., depressed mood,…