Immunomodulatory Activities of Thai Herbs and the Druggability of Their Bioactive Constituents: A Comprehensive Review for Potential Phytopharmaceutical Product Development

Abstract Background: Thai herbs have been studied and developed as alternative or complementary medicines for several diseases. Some Thai herbs show immunomodulatory activities and might be beneficial for the development of novel phytopharmaceutical products. Purpose: This study aimed to review the immunomodulatory activities of Thai herbs to determine the druggability of the major bioactive components of these herbs. Materials and Methods: A list of 129 monographs (88 herbs) in the Thai Herbal Pharmacopoeia 2021 and its supplement from 2022 was