A pan-cancer analysis implicates human NKIRAS1 as a tumor-suppressor gene

Abstract κB-Ras proteins inhibit two signaling pathways known to be important for carcinogenesis: NF-κB, a key regulator of inflammation, and Ral, a Ras effector protein important for metastasization. Here, we demonstrate that κB-Ras deficiency promotes carcinogenesis in murine models of lung and colon cancer. A pan-cancer analysis reveals that in humans the coincidence of Ras mutation and reduced κB-Ras expression is exceedingly rare, as is the co-occurrence of simultaneous reduction of κB-Ras 1 and κB-Ras 2. Instead, reduced κB-Ras 1